20";display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden}.clearfix:after{clear:both}.tie-container,#tie-wrapper{height:100%;min-height:650px}.tie-container{position:relative;overflow:hidden}#tie-wrapper{background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:108;height:100%;margin:0 auto}.container-wrapper{background:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:2px;padding:30px}#content{margin-top:30px}@media (max-width:991px){#content{margin-top:15px}}.site-content{-ms-word-wrap:break-word;word-wrap:break-word}.theme-header{background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:999}.theme-header:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.theme-header.has-shadow{box-shadow:rgba(0,0,0,.1) 0px 25px 20px -20px}#menu-components-wrap{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;width:100%;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap}.logo-row{position:relative}#logo{margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:40px;display:block;float:left}#logo a{display:inline-block}#logo.text-logo a{color:var(--brand-color)}.logo-text{font-size:50px;line-height:50px;font-weight:700}@media (max-width:670px){.logo-text{font-size:30px}}@media (max-width:991px){#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo{margin:14px 0!important;text-align:left;line-height:1}}@media (max-width:991px){#theme-header.mobile-header-centered #logo{float:none;text-align:center}}.components{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-justify-content:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:end}.components>li{position:relative}.components>li>a{display:block;position:relative;width:30px;text-align:center;font-size:16px;white-space:nowrap}.custom-menu-button{padding-right:5px}.custom-menu-button .button{font-size:13px;display:inline-block;line-height:21px;width:auto}@media (max-width:991px){.logo-container{border-width:0;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between}}.mobile-header-components{display:none;z-index:10;height:30px;line-height:30px;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex:1 1 0%;-ms-flex:1 1 0%;flex:1 1 0%}.mobile-header-components .components{float:none;display:-webkit-flex!important;display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-webkit-justify-content:stretch;-ms-flex-pack:stretch;justify-content:stretch}.mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link{display:inline-block;float:none}.mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link>a{width:20px;padding-bottom:15px}.mobile-header-components [class^=tie-icon-]{font-size:18px;width:20px;height:20px;vertical-align:middle}.mobile-header-components .tie-mobile-menu-icon{font-size:20px}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon{display:inline-block;width:20px;height:2px;background-color:var(--base-color);position:relative;top:-4px}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before,.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after{position:absolute;right:0;background-color:var(--base-color);content:'';display:block;width:100%;height:100%;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0);-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before{-webkit-transform:translateY(-7px);-ms-transform:translateY(-7px);transform:translateY(-7px)}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after{-webkit-transform:translateY(7px);-ms-transform:translateY(7px);transform:translateY(7px)}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon.is-layout-4:after{width:60%;right:auto;left:0}.mobile-header-components .menu-text-wrapper{white-space:nowrap;width:auto!important}.mobile-header-components .menu-text{color:var(--base-color);line-height:30px;font-size:12px;padding:0 0 0 5px;display:inline-block}#mobile-header-components-area_1 .components li.custom-menu-link>a{margin-right:15px}#mobile-header-components-area_2 .components{-webkit-flex-direction:row-reverse;-ms-flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-direction:row-reverse}#mobile-header-components-area_2 .components li.custom-menu-link>a{margin-left:15px}@media (max-width:991px){.logo-container:before,.logo-container:after{height:1px}#tie-body #mobile-container,.mobile-header-components{display:block}#slide-sidebar-widgets{display:none}}.top-nav{background-color:#fff;position:relative;z-index:10;line-height:40px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:1px 0;color:var(--base-color);clear:both}.main-nav-below.top-nav-above .top-nav{border-top-width:0}.top-nav a:not(.button):not(:hover){color:var(--base-color)}.topbar-wrapper{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;min-height:40px}.top-nav .tie-alignleft,.top-nav .tie-alignright{-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;position:relative}.topbar-today-date{float:left;padding-right:15px;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.top-menu .menu a{padding:0 10px}.top-menu .menu li{position:relative}.top-nav-dark .top-nav{background-color:#2c2e32;color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav *{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .top-menu li a{color:#ccc;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.04)}.top-nav-dark .top-menu ul{background:#2c2e32}@media (max-width:991px){.top-nav:not(.has-breaking-news),.topbar-today-date,.top-menu,.theme-header .components{display:none}}.main-nav-wrapper{position:relative;z-index:4}.main-nav{background-color:var(--main-nav-background);color:var(--main-nav-primary-color);position:relative;border:1px solid var(--main-nav-main-border-color);border-width:1px 0}.main-menu-wrapper{position:relative}@media (min-width:992px){.header-menu .menu{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.header-menu .menu a{display:block;position:relative}.header-menu .menu>li>a{white-space:nowrap}.header-menu .menu .sub-menu a{padding:8px 10px}.header-menu .menu ul:not(.sub-menu-columns):not(.sub-menu-columns-item):not(.sub-list):not(.mega-cat-sub-categories):not(.slider-arrow-nav){box-shadow:0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.header-menu .menu ul li{position:relative}.header-menu .menu ul a{border-width:0 0 1px}#main-nav{z-index:9;line-height:60px}.main-menu .menu>li>a{padding:0 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700}.main-menu .menu>li>.menu-sub-content{border-top:2px solid var(--main-nav-primary-color)}.main-menu .menu ul{line-height:20px;z-index:1}.main-menu .menu-sub-content{background:var(--main-nav-background);display:none;padding:15px;width:230px;position:absolute;box-shadow:0 3px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.main-menu .menu-sub-content a{width:200px}nav.main-nav.menu-style-minimal .menu>li.tie-current-menu>a{color:var(--main-nav-primary-color)!important}nav.main-nav.menu-style-minimal .menu>li.tie-current-menu>a:before{border-top-color:var(--main-nav-primary-color)!important}nav.main-nav.menu-style-line .menu>li>a:after{content:"";left:50%;top:50%;bottom:auto;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);height:3px;position:absolute;margin-top:14px;background:var(--main-nav-primary-color);width:0}nav.main-nav.menu-style-line .menu>li.tie-current-menu>a:after{width:50%}.main-nav .menu a,.main-nav .components li a{color:var(--main-nav-text-color)}.main-nav-dark{--main-nav-background:#1f2024;--main-nav-secondry-background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);--main-nav-primary-color:var(--brand-color);--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:var(--bright-color);--main-nav-text-color:#fff;--main-nav-secondry-text-color:rgba(225,255,255,.5);--main-nav-main-border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.07);--main-nav-secondry-border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.04)}.main-nav-dark .main-nav{border-width:0}}@media (min-width:992px){header .menu-item-has-children>a:before{content:'';position:absolute;right:10px;top:50%;bottom:auto;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);font-family:'tiefonticon'!important;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;content:"\f079";font-size:11px;line-height:1}.menu>.menu-item-has-children:not(.is-icon-only)>a{padding-right:25px}}@media only screen and (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1100px){.main-nav .menu>li:not(.is-icon-only)>a{padding-left:7px;padding-right:7px}.main-nav .menu>li:not(.is-icon-only)>a:before{display:none}}@media (max-width:991px){#tie-wrapper header#theme-header{box-shadow:none;background:0 0!important}.logo-container{border-width:0;box-shadow:0 3px 7px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.logo-container{background-color:#fff}.header-layout-3 .main-nav-wrapper{display:none}.main-menu-wrapper .main-menu-wrap{width:100%}}@media (max-width:767px){.magazine1:not(.has-builder):not(.error404) .main-content,.magazine1:not(.has-builder):not(.error404) .sidebar{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}textarea,input{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);color:var(--base-color);font-size:13px;outline:none;padding:10px 12px;line-height:23px;border-radius:2px;max-width:100%;background-color:transparent}textarea,input:not([type=checkbox]):not([type=radio]){-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;outline:none}textarea{width:100%}@media (max-width:767px){input:not([type=submit]),textarea{font-size:16px!important}}.button,[type=submit]{width:auto;position:relative;background-color:var(--tie-buttons-color,var(--brand-color));color:var(--tie-buttons-text,var(--bright-color));border-radius:var(--tie-buttons-radius,2px);border:var(--tie-buttons-border-width,0) solid var(--tie-buttons-border-color,var(--brand-color));padding:10px 25px;margin:0;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;display:inline-block;text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:middle;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}@media (min-width:992px){.sidebar-right .main-content{float:left}.sidebar-right .sidebar{float:right}.sidebar-right.magazine1 .main-content{padding-right:3px}}.post-thumb{position:relative;height:100%;display:block;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0)}.post-thumb img{width:100%;display:block}.post-thumb .post-cat-wrap{position:absolute;bottom:10px;margin:0;right:10px}.post-thumb-overlay-wrap{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden}.post-thumb-overlay{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:3;background:rgba(35,38,42,.8);-webkit-transform:scale(1.5);-ms-transform:scale(1.5);transform:scale(1.5);opacity:0}.post-thumb-overlay .tie-media-icon{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;bottom:auto;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:32px;z-index:8}.post-thumb-overlay .tie-media-icon:before{height:32px;width:32px;content:"\e685"}@media (min-width:768px){.has-first-big-post li:first-child .tie-media-icon:before{width:50px;height:50px;line-height:46px}}.post-meta{margin:10px 0 8px;font-size:12px;overflow:hidden}.post-meta,.post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#666}.post-meta .meta-item{margin-right:8px;display:inline-block}.post-meta .meta-item.tie-icon:before{padding-right:3px}.post-meta .meta-item.date:before{content:"\f017"}.post-meta .meta-item.meta-comment:before{content:"\f086"}.post-meta .tie-alignright .meta-item:last-child{margin:0!important}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .post-meta>span,.entry-header .post-meta>div,.main-content .post-meta>span,.main-content .post-meta>div{float:left}}.post-cat-wrap{position:relative;z-index:3;margin-bottom:5px;font-weight:400;font-family:inherit!important;line-height:0;display:block}.post-cat{display:inline-block;background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);padding:0 11px;font-size:13px;line-height:2em;margin-right:4px;position:relative;white-space:nowrap;word-wrap:normal;letter-spacing:0;border-radius:4px}.post-cat:first-child:last-child{margin:0}#breadcrumb{margin:50px 0 0}#breadcrumb,#breadcrumb a:not(:hover){color:#666}#breadcrumb .delimiter{margin:0 3px;font-style:normal}.entry-header-outer #breadcrumb{margin:0 0 20px;padding:0}@media (max-width:767px){.single-post #breadcrumb .current,.single-post #breadcrumb em:last-of-type{display:none}}.social-icons-item{float:right;margin-left:6px;position:relative}.social-icons-item .social-link span{color:var(--base-color);line-height:unset}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link{width:24px;height:24px;line-height:24px;padding:0;display:block;text-align:center;border-radius:2px}.social-icons-item .facebook-social-icon{background-color:#4080ff!important}.social-icons-item .facebook-social-icon span{color:#4080ff}.social-icons-item .twitter-social-icon{background-color:#000!important}.social-icons-item .twitter-social-icon span{color:#000}.social-icons-item .instagram-social-icon{background-color:#c13584!important}.social-icons-item .instagram-social-icon span{color:#c13584}.social-icons-item .youtube-social-icon{background-color:#ef4e41!important}.social-icons-item .youtube-social-icon span{color:#ef4e41}ul:not(.solid-social-icons) .social-icons-item a:not(:hover){background-color:transparent!important}.solid-social-icons .social-link{background-color:var(--base-color)}.dark-skin .solid-social-icons .social-link{background-color:#27292d;border-color:#27292d}.solid-social-icons .social-link span{color:#fff!important}.theme-notice{background:#fff6ac;padding:10px;color:#000!important;display:block;clear:both}.entry-header{padding:30px 30px 0;margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:991px){.entry-header{padding:20px 20px 0}}@media (max-width:767px){.container-wrapper{padding:20px 15px}}.tabs{max-height:75px;width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 0 1px;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}.tabs li{display:inline-block;position:relative;padding:0!important}.tabs a{background:rgba(0,0,0,.02);display:block;text-align:center;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 1px 1px 0;font-size:15px}.tabs a:not(:hover){color:var(--base-color)}.tabs>li>a{line-height:65px;padding:0 15px;border-bottom-color:transparent}.tab-content{padding:30px;display:none}.tab-content{position:relative}@media (max-width:767px){.tab-content{padding:20px}}.tab-content-elements li{opacity:0}.tab-content:not(.is-not-active):first-of-type{display:block}.tab-content:not(.is-not-active):first-of-type .tab-content-elements li{opacity:1}.tabs-container-wrapper{padding:0!important}.normal-side .tabs{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.normal-side .tabs li{-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1}.normal-side .tabs a{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;padding:0 10px!important}.normal-side .tabs li:last-child a{border-right-width:0}@media (max-width:320px){.normal-side .tabs{max-height:none;border-bottom:0}.normal-side .tabs li{display:block;width:100%;float:none}.normal-side .tabs a{border-bottom-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 0 1px}}.block-head-4 .has-block-head-4{position:relative;opacity:.99;display:inline-block!important;width:auto;font-size:15px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:20px;padding:5px 10px;color:var(--bright-color)}.block-head-4 .has-block-head-4:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;background-color:var(--brand-color);z-index:-1}.block-head-4 #cancel-comment-reply-link{color:var(--bright-color)}.block-head-4 .widget-title{padding:0 10px}.block-head-4 .widget-title .the-subtitle{line-height:27px}.block-head-4#tie-body .widget-title{color:#fff}.block-head-4#tie-body .widget-title:before{background:#111}.block-head-4 span.widget-title-icon{float:left;margin-right:10px;line-height:27px;position:static;color:#fff}.block-head-4 .widget-title,.block-head-4 .side-aside .widget{opacity:.99}.side-aside{position:fixed;top:0;z-index:111;visibility:hidden;width:350px;max-width:100%;height:100%;background:#fff;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center top;background-size:cover;overflow-y:auto}@media (min-width:992px){.side-aside{right:0;-webkit-transform:translate(350px,0);-ms-transform:translate(350px,0);transform:translate(350px,0)}}.site-footer .widget-title-icon{display:none}.dark-skin{--lazyload-loading-color:#161717}.dark-skin{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024);color:#fff}.dark-skin input:not([type=submit]){color:#ccc}.dark-skin a:not(:hover){color:#fff}.dark-skin .post-meta{color:#ccc!important}.dark-skin input:not([type=submit]){border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .container-wrapper{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .widget a:not(:hover),.dark-skin .widget-title{color:#fff}.dark-skin .widget-title-icon{color:#ccc}.sidebar .container-wrapper,.sidebar .tie-weather-widget{margin-bottom:30px}@media (max-width:991px){.sidebar .container-wrapper,.sidebar .tie-weather-widget{margin-bottom:15px}}@media (max-width:991px){.has-sidebar .sidebar{margin-top:15px}}.widget-title{position:relative}.widget-title .the-subtitle{font-size:15px;min-height:15px}.widget-title-icon{position:absolute;right:0;top:1px;color:#b9bec3;font-size:15px}.widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f08d"}.post-widget-body{padding-left:125px}.post-widget-body .post-title{font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:5px}.post-widget-thumbnail{float:left;margin-right:15px;position:relative}.post-widget-thumbnail img.tie-small-image{width:110px}.widget li{padding:6px 0}.widget li:first-child{padding-top:0}.widget li:last-child{padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}.widget li:after{clear:both;display:table;content:""}.widget .post-meta{margin:2px 0 0;font-size:11px;line-height:17px}.posts-list .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f0f6"}.posts-list-big-first .posts-list-items li:first-child{padding-bottom:20px}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-widget-thumbnail{width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-widget-thumbnail a{min-height:40px}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-widget-body{padding-left:0}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-title{font-size:18px}@media (max-width:991px){.posts-list-big-first .posts-list-items{overflow:hidden}.posts-list-big-first li{width:48%;float:left}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2){padding-top:0}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2n){float:right}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2n+1){clear:both}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2),.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(3){float:right;clear:none}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(n+5){display:none}}@media (max-width:670px){.posts-list-big-first li{width:100%}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2){padding-top:12px}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(n+5){display:block}}form.search-form{overflow:auto;position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:10px}.search-field{float:left;width:73%;padding:8px 15px}.search-submit[type=submit]{float:right;padding:10px 5px;margin-left:2%;width:25%}li.widget-post-list{padding:7px 0;position:relative}.widget_nav_menu .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f0c9"}.social-statistics-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f164"}.social-statistics-widget ul{overflow:hidden}.social-statistics-widget li{float:left;width:50%;margin-left:0;padding:10px 5px 0;border-bottom:0}.social-statistics-widget li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.social-statistics-widget .followers-num{font-weight:600}.social-statistics-widget .followers-name{font-size:11px}.social-statistics-widget a{display:block;padding:10px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;border-radius:2px}.social-statistics-widget a span.counter-icon{float:left;color:#fff;background-color:#2c2f34;width:30px;height:30px;line-height:30px;text-align:center;font-size:18px;border-radius:2px}.social-statistics-widget .followers{float:left;margin-left:10px;line-height:15px}.social-statistics-widget .followers .followers-num,.social-statistics-widget .followers .followers-name{color:#fff;display:block;white-space:nowrap;word-wrap:normal}.social-statistics-widget .followers .followers-name{opacity:.8}.two-cols{margin-left:-5px;margin-right:-5px}.two-cols:not(.fullwidth-stats-icons) li:nth-child(2){padding-top:0}.two-cols li:nth-last-child(-n+2){margin-bottom:0}.two-cols li:nth-child(2n+1){clear:both}@media (min-width:1050px){.two-cols li:nth-child(odd):last-child{width:100%}}.transparent-icons li a span.counter-icon{background-color:transparent}@media only screen and (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1050px){.two-cols.transparent-icons li{width:100%}.two-cols.transparent-icons li:nth-child(2){padding-top:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px){.two-cols.transparent-icons{margin-left:-5px;margin-right:-5px}.two-cols.transparent-icons li{width:25%;padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px}.two-cols.transparent-icons li:before{left:55px}.two-cols.transparent-icons li:nth-child(-n+4){padding-top:0}.two-cols.transparent-icons li:nth-child(-n+4):before{top:0;height:100%}.two-cols.transparent-icons li:nth-child(2n+1){clear:none}.two-cols.transparent-icons li:nth-child(4n+1){clear:both}.two-cols.transparent-icons li .followers span{float:none;line-height:inherit}}.social-icons-widget ul{margin:0 -3px}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item{float:left;margin:3px;border-bottom:0;padding:0}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link{width:40px;height:40px;line-height:40px;font-size:18px}@media (max-width:479px){.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}}.tie-weather-widget.widget{background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);border-width:0;padding:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title{border-bottom:0!important;background-color:transparent;margin-bottom:0;padding:20px 20px 0}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title:after,.tie-weather-widget .widget-title:before{display:none}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle{font-size:18px;color:var(--bright-color);margin:0;padding:0}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle:after,.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle:before,.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle .widget-title-icon{display:none}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title span{font-weight:400;font-size:14px}.widget-posts-list-container{position:relative}@media (min-width:992px){.theme-header .logo-row>div{height:auto!important}}#mobile-container{display:none;padding:10px 30px 30px}#mobile-menu{margin-bottom:20px;position:relative;padding-top:15px}#mobile-menu .menu>li{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.dark-skin #mobile-menu .menu>li{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.05)}#mobile-menu .menu>li li{padding-left:15px}#mobile-menu li{display:block;position:relative}#mobile-menu li a{display:block;padding:15px 50px 15px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;font-weight:600}.dark-skin #mobile-menu li a{color:#fff}#mobile-menu li.menu-item-has-children>a:before{display:none}#mobile-menu li ul,#mobile-menu li .menu-sub-content{opacity:1!important;background-image:none!important;padding:0!important;min-height:unset!important}#mobile-menu li ul{padding-left:15px;display:none}#mobile-menu li ul a{font-weight:400;font-size:14px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px}#mobile-social-icons{margin-bottom:15px}#mobile-social-icons ul{text-align:center;overflow:hidden}#mobile-social-icons ul .social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}#mobile-social-icons .social-icons-item{margin:0}#mobile-social-icons .social-icons-item .social-link{background:0 0;border:none}#mobile-search .search-form{overflow:hidden;position:relative}#mobile-search .search-form:after{position:absolute;content:"\f002";font-family:'tiefonticon';top:4px;right:10px;line-height:30px;width:30px;font-size:16px;border-radius:50%;text-align:center;color:#fff}#mobile-search .search-field{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1);color:#fff;width:100%;border-radius:50px;padding:7px 45px 7px 20px}#mobile-search .search-submit{background:0 0;font-size:0;width:35px;height:38px;position:absolute;top:0;right:5px;z-index:1}#mobile-search input::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input::-moz-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input:-moz-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#tie-wrapper:after{position:absolute;z-index:1000;top:-10%;left:-50%;width:0;height:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:'';opacity:0}@media (max-width:991px){.side-aside.appear-from-left{left:0;-webkit-transform:translate(-100%,0);-ms-transform:translate(-100%,0);transform:translate(-100%,0)}}.is-desktop .side-aside .has-custom-scroll{padding:50px 0 0}.side-aside:after{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:'';opacity:1}.side-aside .container-wrapper{padding:30px!important;border-radius:0;border:0;background:0 0;box-shadow:none!important}a.remove{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;display:block;speak:never;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;width:20px;height:20px;display:block;line-height:20px;text-align:center;font-size:15px}a.remove:before{content:"\e117";font-family:'tiefonticon';color:#e74c3c}a.remove.big-btn{width:25px;height:25px;line-height:25px;font-size:22px}a.remove.light-btn:not(:hover):before{color:#fff}.side-aside a.remove{z-index:1;top:15px;left:50%;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.side-aside a.remove:not(:hover):before{color:#111}.side-aside.dark-skin a.remove:not(:hover):before{color:#fff}.tie-popup a.remove{-webkit-transform:scale(.2);-ms-transform:scale(.2);transform:scale(.2);opacity:0;top:15px;right:15px;z-index:1}.theiaStickySidebar:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.side-aside,.has-custom-scroll{overflow-x:hidden;scrollbar-width:thin}.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar,.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar{width:5px}.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-track,.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:20px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.dark-skin .has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#000}.tie-popup{position:fixed;z-index:99999;left:0;top:0;height:100%;width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);display:none;-webkit-perspective:600px;perspective:600px}.pop-up-live-search{will-change:transform,opacity;-webkit-transform:scale(.7);-ms-transform:scale(.7);transform:scale(.7);opacity:0}.tie-popup-search-wrap::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap::-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap:-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap form{position:relative;height:80px;margin-bottom:20px}.popup-search-wrap-inner{position:relative;padding:80px 15px 0;margin:0 auto;max-width:800px}input.tie-popup-search-input{width:100%;height:80px;line-height:80px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.7)!important;font-weight:500;font-size:22px;border:0;padding-right:80px;padding-left:30px;color:#fff;border-radius:5px}button.tie-popup-search-submit{font-size:28px;color:#666;position:absolute;right:5px;top:15px;background:0 0!important}#tie-popup-search-mobile .popup-search-wrap-inner{padding-top:50px}#tie-popup-search-mobile input.tie-popup-search-input{height:50px;line-height:1;padding-left:20px;padding-right:50px}#tie-popup-search-mobile button.tie-popup-search-submit{font-size:16px;top:9px;right:0}#autocomplete-suggestions{overflow:auto;padding:20px;color:#eee;position:absolute;display:none;width:370px;z-index:9999;margin-top:15px}.tie-icon-messenger:before{content:"\f39f"}.tie-icon-facebook:before{content:"\f09a"}.tie-icon-search:before{content:"\f002"}.tie-icon-home:before{content:"\f015"}.tie-icon-bookmark:before{content:"\f02e"}.tie-icon-random:before{content:"\f074"}.tie-icon-twitter:before{content:"\e90f"}.tie-icon-envelope:before{content:"\f0e0"}.tie-icon-linkedin:before{content:"\f0e1"}.tie-icon-youtube:before{content:"\f16a"}.tie-icon-instagram:before{content:"\f16d"}.tie-icon-share:before{content:"\f1e0"}.tie-icon-whatsapp:before{content:"\f232"}.tie-icon-fire:before{content:"\e900"}.tie-icon-moon:before{content:"\f10d"}.post-content.container-wrapper{padding:0}.entry-header{font-size:45px;line-height:1.2}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header{font-size:28px}}.entry-header .entry-title{margin-bottom:15px}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .entry-title{font-size:28px}}.entry-header .post-cat{margin-bottom:6px}.entry-header .post-meta{overflow:inherit;font-size:12px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:0;line-height:24px}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-item{margin-right:12px}.entry-header .post-meta,.entry-header .post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#333}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-author{margin:0}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-author a{font-weight:600}.entry-header .post-meta .author-meta+.date:before{content:"22";color:#ccc;margin:0 3px 0 5px;display:inline-block}.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright{display:inline}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .post-meta{margin-bottom:-8px}.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright{float:none}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-item,.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright .meta-item:last-child{margin-bottom:8px!important}.entry-header .post-meta>span,.entry-header .post-meta>div{float:initial!important}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-author a{font-weight:400}.entry-header .meta-author-avatar img{width:20px;height:20px}}.meta-author-avatar img{width:30px;height:30px;margin-right:3px;margin-top:-5px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:50%}.post-layout-1 .entry-header-outer{padding:30px 30px 20px}@media (max-width:767px){.post-layout-1 .entry-header-outer{padding:20px}}.post-layout-1 .entry-header{padding:0;margin:0}.featured-area{position:relative;margin-bottom:30px;line-height:1}@media (max-width:767px){.featured-area{margin-bottom:20px}}.featured-area img{width:100%}.single-featured-image{position:relative;margin:0;line-height:0}.share-buttons{padding:18px 28px;line-height:0}@media (max-width:767px){.share-buttons{padding:15px}}@media (min-width:768px){.share-buttons-top{padding-bottom:0}}.entry-header-outer+.share-buttons-top{padding-top:0}.post-layout-1 .share-buttons-top{padding-bottom:18px}.share-buttons-mobile{position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:999999;width:100%;background:0 0;border:0 none;padding:0}.share-buttons-mobile .share-links a{margin:0;border-radius:0;width:1%;display:table-cell;opacity:1!important}.share-buttons-mobile .share-links a .share-btn-icon{margin:0 auto;float:none}@media (min-width:768px){.share-buttons-mobile{display:none}}.mobile-share-buttons-spacer{height:40px}@media (min-width:768px){.mobile-share-buttons-spacer{display:none}}.share-links a{color:#fff}.share-links{overflow:hidden;position:relative}.share-links .share-btn-icon{font-size:15px}.share-links a{display:inline-block;margin:2px;height:40px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;border-radius:2px;width:40px}.share-links a,.share-links a:before{background-color:#444}.share-links a.large-share-button{width:auto}.share-links a .share-btn-icon{width:40px;height:40px;float:left;display:block;text-align:center;line-height:40px}.share-links a .social-text{border:0 solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);border-left-width:1px;padding-left:15px;height:20px;float:left;margin-top:10px;padding-right:25px;font-size:12px;line-height:20px;font-family:"open sans",sans-serif}.share-centered{text-align:center}.share-pill a.large-share-button{padding:4px 15px;border-radius:200px;height:auto}.share-pill a.large-share-button span.social-text{font-size:12px}.share-title{padding-right:15px;display:inline-block;float:left;line-height:40px;font-size:12px;margin:2px 0}.share-title .tie-icon-share{margin-right:5px;font-size:14px}.icons-text .share-title{line-height:30px}.icons-text .large-share-button{height:30px}.icons-text .large-share-button .social-text{padding-left:6px;padding-right:8px;height:20px;margin-top:5px;line-height:20px;font-size:10px}.icons-text .large-share-button .share-btn-icon{width:30px;height:30px;line-height:30px}.share-links a.facebook-share-btn,.share-links a.facebook-share-btn:before{background:#4080ff}.share-links a.twitter-share-btn,.share-links a.twitter-share-btn:before{background:#000}.share-links a.linkedin-share-btn,.share-links a.linkedin-share-btn:before{background:#238cc8}.share-links a.whatsapp-share-btn,.share-links a.whatsapp-share-btn:before{background:#43d854}.share-links a.messenger-share-btn,.share-links a.messenger-share-btn:before{background:#0078ff}@media (max-width:767px){.social-text{display:none}}@media (max-width:479px){.share-title{display:none}}@media (min-width:768px){a.whatsapp-share-btn{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:768px){a.messenger-mob-share-btn{display:none!important}}@media (max-width:767px){a.messenger-desktop-share-btn{display:none!important}}#cancel-comment-reply-link{float:right;line-height:18px}.has-block-head-4 #cancel-comment-reply-link{margin-left:50px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.6}#respond p{margin-bottom:10px}#respond p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}#respond label{line-height:30px;font-weight:700}#respond label:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#respond textarea{vertical-align:top;resize:none}#reading-position-indicator{display:block;height:5px;position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;background:var(--brand-color);box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,136,255,.7);width:0;z-index:9999;max-width:100%}#post-extra-info{display:none}#copy-post-url-msg{font-size:12px;color:#5cea5c}#main-nav .main-menu>ul>li>a{text-transform:uppercase}.entry-header h1.entry-title{font-size:18px;font-weight:600;text-transform:capitalize}a{color:#030055}.container-wrapper,.the-global-title,.tabs,textarea,input,.tabs a{border-color:#adadad!important}.magazine1 .tabs a{border-bottom-color:transparent!important}#top-nav,.top-nav-dark .top-menu ul{background-color:rgba(12,5,0,.95)}#top-nav *{border-color:rgba(#fff,.08)}#top-nav a:not(:hover){color:rgba(255,255,255,.01)}#top-nav{--tie-buttons-color:#fff;--tie-buttons-border-color:#fff;--tie-buttons-text:#000;--tie-buttons-hover-color:#e1e1e1}#top-nav{color:#fff}#main-nav,#main-nav .menu-sub-content{background-color:rgba(12,5,0,.95)}#main-nav{border-width:0}#theme-header #main-nav:not(.fixed-nav){bottom:0}#main-nav a:not(:hover){color:#fff9f9}#main-nav{color:#fff}.post-cat{background-color:#0557bc#030055!important;color:#fff!important}@media (max-width:991px){.side-aside.normal-side{background:#030055;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(135deg,#050088,#030055);background:-moz-linear-gradient(135deg,#050088,#030055);background:-o-linear-gradient(135deg,#050088,#030055);background:linear-gradient(135deg,#030055,#050088)}}body .social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link,body .post-cat{border-radius:35px}body textarea,body input{border-radius:5px}body .post-thumb img,body .container-wrapper,body .widget,body.single-post .featured-area,body .post-thumb-overlay{border-radius:15px}body .main-menu .menu-sub-content{border-bottom-left-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px}body.single-post .featured-area{overflow:hidden}body .tabs li:last-child a{border-top-right-radius:15px}body .tabs li:first-child a{border-top-left-radius:15px}:root{--wpforms-field-border-radius:3px;--wpforms-field-border-style:solid;--wpforms-field-border-size:1px;--wpforms-field-background-color:#fff;--wpforms-field-border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.25);--wpforms-field-border-color-spare:rgba(0,0,0,.25);--wpforms-field-text-color:rgba(0,0,0,.7);--wpforms-field-menu-color:#fff;--wpforms-label-color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);--wpforms-label-sublabel-color:rgba(0,0,0,.55);--wpforms-label-error-color:#d63637;--wpforms-button-border-radius:3px;--wpforms-button-border-style:none;--wpforms-button-border-size:1px;--wpforms-button-background-color:#066aab;--wpforms-button-border-color:#066aab;--wpforms-button-text-color:#fff;--wpforms-page-break-color:#066aab;--wpforms-background-image:none;--wpforms-background-position:center center;--wpforms-background-repeat:no-repeat;--wpforms-background-size:cover;--wpforms-background-width:100px;--wpforms-background-height:100px;--wpforms-background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);--wpforms-background-url:none;--wpforms-container-padding:0px;--wpforms-container-border-style:none;--wpforms-container-border-width:1px;--wpforms-container-border-color:#000;--wpforms-container-border-radius:3px;--wpforms-field-size-input-height:43px;--wpforms-field-size-input-spacing:15px;--wpforms-field-size-font-size:16px;--wpforms-field-size-line-height:19px;--wpforms-field-size-padding-h:14px;--wpforms-field-size-checkbox-size:16px;--wpforms-field-size-sublabel-spacing:5px;--wpforms-field-size-icon-size:1;--wpforms-label-size-font-size:16px;--wpforms-label-size-line-height:19px;--wpforms-label-size-sublabel-font-size:14px;--wpforms-label-size-sublabel-line-height:17px;--wpforms-button-size-font-size:17px;--wpforms-button-size-height:41px;--wpforms-button-size-padding-h:15px;--wpforms-button-size-margin-top:10px;--wpforms-container-shadow-size-box-shadow:none}
Internet, Mobile Traffic, and ATMs Face Shutdown Risk Across Pakistan - Mukhbir.pk About 50% of mobile traffic, 10% of internet traffic, and 40% of ATM machines in Pakistan are at risk of going offline due to unpaid fees. The problem is related to the non-renewal of Long Distance International (LDI) licenses because of outstanding dues totaling around Rs. 79 billion.
There were 13 LDI licenses that needed to be renewed. Out of these, four licenses have been successfully renewed. However, the remaining nine license holders still owe money for the Annual Payment Contribution (APC) for the Universal Service Fund (USF), which is causing the issue.
If telecommunication licenses are not renewed, it can have a major impact on the entire telecom industry. This issue could lead to a decline in the quality of services like mobile calls and internet access. It could also disrupt business operations for companies that rely on these services. Additionally, the problem could affect the wider economy, as many sectors depend on reliable telecommunications for their daily operations and communication needs.
Optical Fiber Cable (OFC) InfrastructureThe optical fiber cable (OFC) network in Pakistan includes:
27,567 km of Long Haul OFC 18,337 km of Metro OFC Here’s how different companies contribute to this network:
Wateen Telecom: Operates 18,774 km of Long Haul OFC and 17,140 km of Metro OFC. These cables are leased to Telenor, Jazz, and CMPak for long-distance connections and Fiber to the Site (FTTS) connectivity.Multinet Pakistan: Manages 6,993 km of Long Haul OFC, also leased to Telenor, Jazz, and CMPak for similar connectivity purposes.Worldcall: Provides 1,800 km of Long Haul OFC and 734 km of Metro OFC.Impact of Non-Renewal:
Mobile Services: Around 50% of mobile traffic could be disrupted, leading to many mobile towers going offline.Internet Services: Approximately 10% of internet traffic would be affected.Banking Services: About 40% of ATMs could be out of service.Corporate Networks: Many corporate intranets might stop working. Satellite ServicesSeveral companies operate satellite hubs that are crucial for communication:
Redtone LDI: Handles 496 Mbps, mainly serving banks, CMO sites, law enforcement agencies, and government departments.Telecard: Manages 2,970 Mbps, supporting banks, CMO sites, and government departments.Wateen Telecom: Provides 55 Mbps, mostly for cellular mobile operator sites.Multinet Pakistan: Offers 41 Mbps, mainly for banks and CMO sites.Dancom: Operates 640 Mbps, mainly for banks.Impact of Non-Renewal:
Banking and Government Services: Connectivity for banks, mobile operators, and government departments, especially in remote areas, will be disrupted.International Traffic: International incoming traffic would be interrupted, requiring rerouting to other operators. This could cause service issues, increased strain on other operators, and potential interruptions in international communications. Cross-Border LinksPakistan has cross-border microwave and OFC links with neighboring countries like Afghanistan. Companies like Multinet Pakistan and Wateen Telecom manage these links, which are important for international connectivity.
Impact of Non-Renewal:
International Data Transit: The discontinuation of these links would affect data transit to Afghanistan, leading to connectivity problems for Afghan operators.Service Disruption: International traffic would need to be redirected to other operators, which might cause service degradation, increased pressure on remaining operators, and possible interruptions in international communications. Cross-Border LinksPakistan has cross-border microwave and optical fiber cable (OFC) links with neighboring countries like Afghanistan. These links are managed by Multinet Pakistan and Wateen Telecom and play a crucial role in maintaining international connectivity.
Impact of Non-Renewal:
Disrupted Data Transit: If the licenses are not renewed, international data transit through these links will be interrupted.Connectivity Issues: This disruption could lead to problems for operators in Afghanistan who rely on these links for connectivity.Huawei to Train 300000 Young Pakistanis in ICT
Back to top button